Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cluster Sampling Method

Cluster Sampling Method

Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...

Temperature Measurement Sites

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

<i>Pulchragaricus rhodophyllus</i> gen. et sp. nov. (<i>Callistosporiaceae</i>, <i>Agaricales</i>) from Yunnan, China, Based on Morphological and Molecular Data.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

PHSNet: A Small-Target Infrared Hotspot Detection Network for Photovoltaic Modules in UAV Remote-Sensing Images.

Journal of imaging·2026

Same author

Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveal responses of two different phenotypes of Dendrobium officinale to high temperature and drought stress.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB·2026

Same author

<i>Similiboletinus tomentopileatus</i> gen. et sp. nov. from Tropical China, a New Boletoid Taxon Based on Morphological and Molecular Data.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Multi-Target Antifungal Mechanism of Vapor-Phase <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil: Effective Control of Postharvest <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and Powdery Mildew.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Chromosome-level genome assembly provides insights into flavonoid biosynthesis in stems and leaves and fatty acid biosynthesis in kernels of Erythropalum scandens.

BMC plant biology·2025

Same journal

RETRACTED: Zhang et al. A Novel Framework for Reconstruction and Imaging of Target Scattering Centers via Wide-Angle Incidence in Radar Networks. <i>Sensors</i> 2025, <i>25</i>, 6802.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Enhancing Unsupervised Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Person Re-Identification via Mixture of Experts and Graph-Based Relation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Development of an Instrumented Glove for Palmar Pressure Assessment in Kayakers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Development and Experimental Validation of an Autonomous IoT-Based Monitoring System for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment in the Amazon River.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning Framework for Controller Area Network Bus Intrusion Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Smart Optimization Method for Safety Signs in Innovative Manufacturing Environments Integrating Industrial Field IoT Sensors and Knowledge Graphs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Temperature Sequential Data Fusion Algorithm Based on Cluster Hierarchical Sensor Networks.

Tianwei Yang¹, Xinyuan Nan¹, Weixu Jin¹

¹School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 23, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing gold extraction requires stable pulp temperatures. This study introduces a novel sensor network and fusion algorithms to accurately monitor and control oxidation tank temperatures, improving gold recovery efficiency.

Keywords:

clustered sensor networks fading memory matrix inverse covariance intersection sensor information fusion sequential analysis

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

Published on: November 7, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

Published on: November 7, 2016

Area of Science:

Biomining and Mineral Processing
Sensor Networks and Data Fusion
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Biological oxidation is crucial for extracting gold from refractory ores, relying on optimal bacterial activity.
Maintaining stable pulp temperatures in oxidation tanks is vital for maximizing bacterial efficiency in gold extraction.
Traditional temperature monitoring methods are inadequate for the dynamic conditions in gold mine oxidation tanks.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an advanced sensor information fusion system for accurate pulp temperature measurement in gold extraction oxidation tanks.
To improve the efficiency of gold extraction by ensuring optimal bacterial breeding temperatures.
To address the challenges posed by environmental temperature fluctuations in mountainous mining operations.

Main Methods:

Designed a three-layer cluster hierarchical sensor network to capture pulp temperature data within oxidation tanks.
Improved the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) with a fading memory matrix for enhanced nonlinear error identification.
Integrated the sequential observation fusion estimator (SOFE) for local measurement fusion and proposed the SICI-GSFE algorithm for global state fusion.

Main Results:

The proposed sensor network effectively collects pulp temperature data, distributed spirally along the tank's inner wall.
Improved UKF and SOFE algorithms enhanced local measurement fusion accuracy.
The SICI-GSFE algorithm demonstrated reduced external interference and improved global temperature state estimation accuracy.

Conclusions:

The developed sensor information fusion system provides a more accurate and reliable method for monitoring pulp temperatures in gold extraction processes.
The advanced algorithms improve the stability and efficiency of biological gold extraction by maintaining optimal conditions.
This approach offers a significant advancement in managing temperature variations in challenging mining environments.