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Neurulation

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Live Imaging of Primary Cerebral Cortex Cells Using a 2D Culture System

Live Imaging of Primary Cerebral Cortex Cells Using a 2D Culture System

Published on: August 9, 2017

Basal Progenitor Morphology and Neocortex Evolution.

Nereo Kalebic¹, Wieland B Huttner²

¹Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany; Human Technopole, Milan, Italy.

Trends in Neurosciences

|August 24, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Basal progenitors (BPs) are crucial for neocortical expansion in mammals. Their morphology influences their proliferative capacity, driving increased neuron production and cognitive evolution.

Keywords:

neocortical development neural stem and progenitor cells neurogenesis

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Live Imaging of Primary Cerebral Cortex Cells Using a 2D Culture System

Live Imaging of Primary Cerebral Cortex Cells Using a 2D Culture System

Published on: August 9, 2017

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex

Published on: June 4, 2014

Lineage Tracing and Clonal Analysis in Developing Cerebral Cortex Using Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers MADM

Lineage Tracing and Clonal Analysis in Developing Cerebral Cortex Using Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers MADM

Published on: May 8, 2020

Area of Science:

Developmental Neurobiology
Evolutionary Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

The mammalian neocortex's expansion correlates with enhanced cognitive abilities.
Neocortical expansion results from increased neuron production during development.
Neural progenitor cells, particularly basal progenitors (BPs), exhibit increased proliferative capacity.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of basal progenitor (BP) morphology in neocortical expansion.
To investigate how BP subtypes contribute to increased neuron production.
To link BP cell biology to the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian neocortex.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of basal progenitor (BP) subtypes across mammals.
Examination of BP morphotypes and molecular characteristics.
Correlation of BP morphology with proliferative capacity and neuron production.

Main Results:

Significant heterogeneity exists among mammalian basal progenitor (BP) subtypes.
Distinct morphotypes and molecular fingerprints characterize different BP subtypes.
BP morphology is intrinsically linked to their high proliferative capacity.

Conclusions:

Basal progenitor (BP) morphology is a fundamental cell biological basis for their proliferative capacity.
The proliferative capacity of BPs is critical for enhanced neuron production during neocortical development.
BP morphology plays a crucial role in the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian neocortex and cognitive evolution.