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This summary is machine-generated.

Mega regions, or clusters of metropolitan areas, face earlier and greater exposure to pandemics. This study reveals these large urban systems are hotspots for early disease spread, indicating a new economic risk.

Keywords:
COVID‐19agglomerationclusteringcoronavirusregional economic growthsatellite data

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Area of Science:

  • Urban studies
  • Epidemiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the link between spatial structures and disease exposure.
  • Mega regions, defined as clusters of metropolitan areas, are common in developed nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that mega regions experience higher disease exposure early in pandemics.
  • To analyze the role of spatial structure in pandemic risk within the US urban system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the benefits and costs of mega region concentration.
  • Empirical analysis of disease spread patterns in the US urban system during the early stages of a pandemic.

Main Results:

  • American mega regions experienced a disproportionately high burden of early disease spread.
  • Three specific mega regions were identified as significant hotspots for initial pandemic impact.
  • The extent of urbanization, rather than its intensity, may be a key factor in New York's COVID-19 experience.

Conclusions:

  • Early pandemic risk is a previously unrecognized diseconomy associated with mega regions.
  • Spatial planning and public health strategies should consider the unique vulnerabilities of large, interconnected urban systems during pandemics.