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Related Concept Videos

Electrical Current01:10

Electrical Current

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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Electrical Power01:07

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Electric power is the product of current and voltage, represented in units of joules per second, or watts. For example, cars often have one or more auxiliary power outlets with which you can charge a cell phone or other electronic devices. These outlets may be rated at 20 amps and 12 volts, so that the circuit can deliver a maximum power of 240 watts. Consider a 25 Watt bulb and a 60 Watt bulb. The conversion of electrical energy produces heat and light, while the kinetic energy lost by the...
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Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Electrical Systems01:21

Electrical Systems

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In electrical engineering, the analysis of networks composed of passive linear components — resistors (R), capacitors (C), and inductors (L) — is fundamental. These components are organized into circuits where the relationship between input and output can be analyzed using transfer functions. The transfer function of an RLC circuit, which relates the voltage across a capacitor to the input voltage, can be derived using Kirchhoff's laws.
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Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs
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Electrical Storm in COVID-19.

Connor O'Brien1, Ning Ning2, James McAvoy3

  • 1Division of Allergy, Pulmonology, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

JACC. Case Reports
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses risks for individuals with cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind myocardial injury and related cardiovascular complications.

Keywords:
AF, atrial fibrillationCOVID-19, coronavirus disease-2019DCCV, direct current cardioversionECG, electrocardiogramPMVT, polymorphic ventricular tachycardiaSARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2cardioversionelectrocardiogrampreserved ejection fractionventricular fibrillationventricular tachycardia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • The global COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
  • COVID-19 infection is linked to substantial illness and death worldwide.
  • Pre-existing cardiovascular conditions increase the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.

Observation:

  • Myocardial injury is a recognized complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Individuals with cardiovascular disease are particularly vulnerable to severe COVID-19.
  • Life-threatening cardiovascular sequelae have been observed in COVID-19 patients.

Findings:

  • The precise mechanisms driving SARS-CoV-2-induced myocardial injury remain unclear.
  • Understanding the link between COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications is limited.
  • Further investigation is required to elucidate the pathogenesis of cardiac issues in COVID-19.

Implications:

  • Clarifying the mechanisms of myocardial injury is crucial for patient management.
  • Identifying cardiovascular risk factors can guide preventative strategies for severe COVID-19.
  • Research into COVID-19's cardiovascular impact may lead to improved treatments and outcomes.