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'Precision' or 'personalized' psychiatry: different terms - same content?

Giampaolo Perna1, Francesco Cuniberti2, Silvia Daccò2

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Precision psychiatry and personalized psychiatry aim for tailored treatments but face challenges. This paper clarifies the overlap and distinctions between these crucial approaches in mental healthcare.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Genomics
  • Personalized Medicine

Background:

  • Mental disorders pose a significant global health burden.
  • Current psychiatric approaches require innovation for better patient outcomes.
  • Personalized/precision medicine has shown promise in other fields like oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the overlap and distinctions between precision psychiatry and personalized psychiatry.
  • To address the lack of significant advancements in tailored psychiatric therapies.
  • To clarify the interchangeable and distinct applications of these terms in scientific literature.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and conceptual analysis.
  • Examination of the definitions and applications of 'precision psychiatry' and 'personalized psychiatry'.
  • Discussion of challenges hindering progress in psychiatric personalized medicine.

Main Results:

  • The terms 'precision psychiatry' and 'personalized psychiatry' are often used interchangeably, causing confusion.
  • Significant challenges include imprecise diagnostic criteria and incomplete understanding of molecular pathology.
  • The revolution in tailored psychiatric therapies has not yet materialized as expected.

Conclusions:

  • Clarifying the definitions of precision and personalized psychiatry is essential for advancing the field.
  • Overcoming current limitations is critical for realizing the potential of individualized psychiatric care.
  • Further research is needed to differentiate and effectively apply these concepts in clinical practice.