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Related Concept Videos

Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

3.3K
Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

854
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
854
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
686
Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

7.0K
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such...
7.0K
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

1.5K
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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SDS-PAGE01:27

SDS-PAGE

32.1K
Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates biological macromolecules like nucleic acids or proteins by forcing them to pass through a gel matrix under an electric field.
A variation of gel electrophoresis, termed  polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), is commonly used for separating proteins according to their molecular size by passing them through a polyacrylamide gel. Because of the varying charges associated with amino acid side chains, PAGE can be used to separate intact...
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Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins
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Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins

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Electrophoretic Separations on Parafilm-Paper-Based Analytical Devices.

Jaruwan Mettakoonpitak1, Charles S Henry1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.

Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical
|September 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mPADs) using laminated paper for improved electrophoretic separations. This novel approach enhances peak resolution for complex samples in diagnostics and environmental testing.

Keywords:
ElectrophoresisElectrophoretic laminated Parafilm-paper based analytical devicesJoule heatingL-glutamic acid labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate

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Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Coupled with Mass Spectrometry Methods for an Analysis of Human Pituitary Adenoma Tissue Proteome
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Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Coupled with Mass Spectrometry Methods for an Analysis of Human Pituitary Adenoma Tissue Proteome
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mPADs) are valuable for diagnostics and environmental monitoring.
  • Implementing effective separation techniques on mPADs, especially for complex samples, remains a significant challenge.
  • Revisiting paper chromatography and electrophoresis offers potential solutions for mPAD separation needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel laminated paper-based microfluidic device for enhanced electrophoretic separations.
  • To investigate key factors influencing separation performance, including Joule heating, electroosmotic flow, and electrophoretic mobility.
  • To optimize separation protocols and demonstrate the device's capability for analyzing complex biological samples.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of electrophoretic devices using laminated Parafilm-paper (l-paper) to create free-standing channels.
  • Investigation of separation parameters: applied field strength (0-200 V cm-1), paper type, channel width, and applied potential.
  • Optimization of protocols using colorimetric detection of chlorophenol red and indigo carmine dyes, and separation of FITC-labeled L-glutamic acid (Glu).

Main Results:

  • The l-paper device demonstrated improved peak resolution compared to traditional wax-printed mPADs.
  • Key parameters were quantified: electroosmotic flow (2.5 × 10-5 ± 7.7 × 10-7 cm2 V-1s-1) and chlorophenol red electrophoretic mobility (1.2 × 10-4 ± 7.7 × 10-7 cm2 V-1s-1).
  • Successful separation of FITC and FITC-labeled Glu was achieved, with microscopic imaging yielding higher resolution and reduced peak broadening (72 ± 4% conjugation).

Conclusions:

  • Laminated paper is a viable material for fabricating high-resolution electrophoretic microfluidic devices.
  • The developed l-paper mPADs offer enhanced separation capabilities for complex samples.
  • This technology holds promise for advancing point-of-care diagnostics and environmental monitoring applications.