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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

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Flow Rate and Raspberry Pi-based Paper Microfluidic Blood Coagulation Assay Device.

Robin E Sweeney1, Vina Nguyen2, Benjamin Alouidor3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Unchained Labs, Pleasanton, CA, USA.

IEEE Sensors Journal
|September 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A novel paper microfluidic assay and Raspberry Pi device offer a rapid, cost-effective method for monitoring blood coagulation. This technology accurately quantifies blood clotting in response to heparin and protamine, crucial for surgical procedures.

Keywords:
Raspberry Piblood coagulationheparinpaper microfluidicsprotamine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate monitoring of blood coagulation is vital during surgeries involving anticoagulants like heparin and their reversal agents such as protamine.
  • Current methods like activated clotting time (ACT) can be time-consuming and require specific equipment.
  • There is a need for faster, simpler, and more cost-effective alternatives for point-of-care coagulation assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel paper microfluidic assay coupled with a Raspberry Pi device.
  • To quantify blood coagulation in response to varying doses of heparin and protamine.
  • To provide a rapid, low-volume, and cost-effective alternative to existing coagulation monitoring methods.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a paper microfluidic device for blood sample analysis.
  • Integration of a Raspberry Pi-based system for automated monitoring.
  • Utilization of a Python-coded edge detection algorithm to track blood flow rate.
  • Assay involves loading 8 μL of whole blood onto preloaded sample pads with varying heparin or protamine concentrations.

Main Results:

  • The developed system successfully quantifies blood coagulation.
  • The assay demonstrates effectiveness in assessing responses to different concentrations of heparin and protamine.
  • The entire assay, including sample loading and incubation, takes approximately 3-5 minutes.

Conclusions:

  • The paper microfluidic assay and Raspberry Pi device present a promising alternative for real-time coagulation monitoring.
  • This technology offers a rapid, simple, and cost-effective solution for managing anticoagulation therapy during and after surgery.
  • Further clinical validation could lead to its adoption in surgical settings, particularly those involving cardiopulmonary bypass.