Cutaneous Involvement in Plasma Cell Myeloma.

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Dermatology
• Oncology

Background:

• Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a malignancy of plasma cells.
• Cutaneous involvement in PCM is a rare manifestation, occurring in 1-4% of patients.
• Understanding the clinicopathologic features of skin involvement is crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinicopathologic features of plasma cell myeloma with cutaneous involvement.
• To analyze cytogenetic findings and clinical follow-up in these rare cases.
• To characterize the spectrum of skin lesions associated with PCM.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of plasma cell myeloma cases with skin involvement.
• Analysis of clinical data, histopathology, immunophenotype, and cytogenetics.
• Evaluation of patient follow-up data.

Main Results:

• Skin involvement occurred in older individuals (mean age 75), predominantly men.
• Histopathology revealed plasmacytic, plasmablastic, or lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, with some cases showing amyloid deposition or squamous cell carcinoma.
• Most patients had CD138+, CD20-, CD56+ immunophenotype and poor outcomes, with 7 of 8 experiencing disease-related death.

Conclusions:

• Cutaneous involvement in PCM presents a diverse cytomorphologic spectrum.
• Skin lesions can be accompanied by amyloid deposition or other neoplasms.
• Cutaneous involvement typically signifies a late-stage disease with a poor prognosis.