[Moebus syndrome: apropos of a case]

The authors describe one case of Moebius syndrome in a neonate; the syndrome is uncommon. It includes congenital oculofacial palsy and limb malformations; other cranial nerves are sometimes involved. The etiology is unknown: genetic or embryopathic (infection or toxic). Pathogeny is unclear: nervous or muscular aplasia; neurocristopathy or dysgenesis of the two first branchial arches. The treatment is medical and chirurgical.