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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

173
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
173
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

270
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
270
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

188
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
188
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

290
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
290
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

164
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
164
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

195
Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
195

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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
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Pericarditis in Systemic Rheumatologic Diseases.

Apostolos Kontzias1, Amir Barkhodari2, QingPing Yao2

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA. apostolos.kontzias@stonybrookmedicine.edu.

Current Cardiology Reports
|September 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pericarditis often complicates autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, presenting acutely or indolently. Management strategies for this pericardial inflammation consider disease activity and patient factors, with immunosuppressants offering steroid-sparing options.

Keywords:
AutoimmuneAutoinflammatoryPathophysiologyPericarditisRheumaticTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pericarditis is a known complication of autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions.
  • It can manifest as the initial symptom, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
  • Rheumatic diseases can lead to various pericardial involvements, including acute, recurrent, and constrictive pericarditis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of pericarditis in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.
  • To highlight the clinical spectrum of pericardial involvement in rheumatic diseases.
  • To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of pericardial involvement in rheumatic diseases.
  • Analysis of treatment options including immunosuppressive therapies.

Main Results:

  • Pericarditis typically occurs during systemic flares but can be an initial manifestation.
  • Pathophysiology is linked to immune dysregulation in the underlying autoimmune/autoinflammatory disease.
  • Management is tailored to acuity, cause, and patient-specific factors, with biologics like IL-1 blockers as potential steroid-sparing agents.

Conclusions:

  • Pericarditis in rheumatic diseases requires careful diagnostic consideration.
  • Understanding the underlying immunopathology is crucial for effective management.
  • Targeted immunosuppression, including biologics, offers promising therapeutic avenues.