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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

3.7K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
20.0K
Types of Coprecipitation01:10

Types of Coprecipitation

3.9K
Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes. In colloidal precipitates, coprecipitation occurs via surface adsorption. For instance, barium sulfate has a primary layer of adsorbed barium ions and a secondary layer of nitrate counterions. This results in contamination of the precipitate by barium nitrate.
Sometimes, ions in a crystal lattice can undergo isomorphous replacement by inclusions of similar charge and size. For...
3.9K
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

4.0K
In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
4.0K
Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

3.6K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
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Differences between Colloidal and Crystalline Evaporative Deposits.

Samantha A McBride1, Rachael Skye2, Kripa K Varanasi1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 16, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evaporative deposits from dissolved salts form unique crystalline structures. Nucleation effects influence deposit size and temperature dependence, differing from colloidal particle deposits.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Evaporative deposition from drops is crucial for self-assembly applications like inkjet printing and sensing.
  • While colloidal particle deposition is well-studied, dissolved solute deposition dynamics are less quantified.
  • Solute crystallization at the contact line alters evaporation and deposit morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of substrate, crystal, and solution interactions in evaporative deposition.
  • To compare the deposition of dissolved salts with colloidal particle deposition.
  • To understand the control mechanisms for deposit size and morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study of evaporative deposition of three different salts.
  • Analysis of crystal nucleation at the substrate-drop contact line.
  • Investigation of solution wettability changes due to emerging crystals.

Main Results:

  • Dissolved salt deposits exhibit temperature relationships opposite to colloidal deposits due to nucleation effects.
  • Contact-line pinning forces and nucleation dynamics govern the final deposit size.
  • Crystallization significantly alters evaporation dynamics and deposit characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleation is a critical factor in dissolved solute evaporative deposition, distinct from colloidal systems.
  • The interplay between pinning forces and nucleation offers control over deposit morphology.
  • Understanding these interactions enables tailored self-assembly processes.