Radioactive gold nanocluster (198-AuNCs) showed inhibitory effects on cancer cells lines
Shijin Xuan1, Aline Oliveira da Silva de Barros2, Rogério Chaffin Nunes3
1Department of Mammary and Thyroid Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Cancer is a global epidemic disease responsible for over ten millions death worldwide. The early diagnosis and the precise treatment with reduced adverse reactions are the main goal worldwide. In this study, we produced, characterized and evaluated (in vitro) in three different cancer cell lines (protaste, breast and melanoma) a radioactive gold nanocluster (R-AuNC) (198Au25(Capt)18). The pharmacokinetics as the influence in the ABC transporter (MRP1 Efflux Transporter Protein) was also evaluated. The results showed that R-AuNC (198Au25(Capt)18) are capable to kill the cancer cells lines of protaste, breast and melanoma. The pharmacokinetics showed a fast clearance and great volume of distribution, confirming the use of R-AuNC as nanomedicine for cancer treatment. Finally, the ABC transporter assay corroborated that the R-AuNC (198Au25(Capt)18) has no risk of being pumped out of cells by this efflux transporter. The results validate the use of gold nanoparticles as therapeutic nanomedicine for cancer treatment.
Insights
Radioactive gold nanoclusters (R-AuNC) effectively kill prostate, breast, and melanoma cancer cells. These nanomedicines show favorable pharmacokinetics and do not interact with efflux transporters, validating their use in cancer therapy.
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Radiochemistry
- Oncology
Background:
- Cancer poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- Current treatments aim for early diagnosis, precise targeting, and minimized adverse effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To produce, characterize, and evaluate radioactive gold nanoclusters (R-AuNC) for cancer treatment.
- To assess the *in vitro* efficacy of R-AuNC against prostate, breast, and melanoma cancer cell lines.
- To investigate the pharmacokinetics and interaction with ABC transporters of R-AuNC.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of radioactive gold nanoclusters (198Au25(Capt)18).
- In vitro evaluation of R-AuNC cytotoxicity against human prostate, breast, and melanoma cancer cell lines.
- Pharmacokinetic studies and assessment of interaction with Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 1 (MRP1).
Main Results:
- R-AuNC (198Au25(Capt)18) demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against all tested cancer cell lines.
- Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid clearance and a large volume of distribution for R-AuNC.
- Assays confirmed that R-AuNC are not substrates for the MRP1 efflux transporter, indicating low risk of cellular extrusion.
Conclusions:
- Radioactive gold nanoclusters (R-AuNC) show promise as a nanomedicine for cancer therapy.
- The favorable pharmacokinetic profile and lack of efflux transporter interaction support the therapeutic potential of R-AuNC.
- Gold nanoparticles represent a validated platform for developing novel nanomedicines for cancer treatment.
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