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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
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Atmospheric H2S exposure does not affect stomatal aperture in maize.

Ties Ausma1, Jeffrey Mulder2, Thomas R Polman2

  • 1Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. t.ausma@rug.nl.

Planta
|September 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) does not influence stomatal aperture in maize, even when used as a sulfur source. This indicates H₂S is not a gaseous signal molecule regulating stomatal closure in this species.

Keywords:
Air pollutionGasotransmitterSignal moleculeStomataSulfur metabolismTranspiration

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Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Plant biochemistry
  • Environmental science

Background:

  • Sulfur is essential for plant function.
  • Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) may act as a gasotransmitter regulating stomatal aperture.
  • H₂S is hypothesized to be metabolized into cysteine, causing stomatal closure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of H₂S in regulating stomatal aperture in maize.
  • To determine if atmospheric H₂S influences stomatal closure.
  • To assess H₂S as a sulfur source for maize growth.

Main Methods:

  • Maize plants were exposed to subtoxic atmospheric H₂S levels.
  • Plants were grown with or without sulfate supply to the roots.
  • Biomass, sulfur content (sulfate, glutathione, cysteine), leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal resistance, and transpiration rates were measured.

Main Results:

  • Maize utilized H₂S as a sulfur source, alleviating growth reduction in sulfate-deprived plants.
  • H₂S fumigation increased shoot sulfate, glutathione, and cysteine levels.
  • No significant changes were observed in leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal resistance, or transpiration rate.

Conclusions:

  • Atmospheric H₂S does not affect stomatal aperture or transpiration rate in maize.
  • H₂S functions as a sulfur nutrient, not a gaseous signal molecule controlling stomatal aperture in maize.
  • The hypothesis that H₂S metabolism into cysteine causes stomatal closure is not supported in maize.