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Controlling multijoint motor behavior.

N Hogan, E Bizzi, F A Mussa-Ivaldi

    Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Complex motor control in multiarticular systems reveals the central nervous system

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biomechanics
    • Motor Control

    Background:

    • Motor coordination studies offer insights into the central nervous system.
    • Multiarticular systems reveal the true complexity of motor control and adaptability.
    • Understanding dynamic, interactive tasks is crucial for comprehending adaptive behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the role of multiarticular actions in understanding the central nervous system.
    • To investigate the adaptability of human behavior in dynamic, interactive tasks.
    • To analyze the control of dynamic limb responses and postural adjustments.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of coordinated arm movements and hand motion.
    • Examination of dynamic responses in limb posture and movement.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of muscle activation patterns, including antagonists, for impedance control.

    • Main Results:

    • Motor control is organized hierarchically, with higher levels abstracting actions like moving a hand.
    • Adaptive behavior and sophisticated coordination are best understood through dynamic, interactive tasks.
    • Postural dynamics are integral to functional tasks and require central nervous system control.
    • Synergistic muscle activation controls limb mechanical impedance, not just reciprocal action.
    • Neuromusculoskeletal system features, like skeletal redundancies, play a functional role in controlling dynamic behavior, rather than being mere complications.

    Conclusions:

    • Multiarticular systems are essential for understanding the full scope of motor control and coordination.
    • The central nervous system actively controls dynamic behavior, integrating posture and movement.
    • Skeletal redundancies and polyarticular muscles are key to managing complex dynamic behaviors and posture.