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Association between recent cannabinoid use and acute ischemic stroke.

Carmela V San Luis1, Christa O'Hana S Nobleza1, Shashank Shekhar1

  • 1Department of Neurology (CVSL), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Division of Neurosciences Critical Care (COHSN), Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases (SS, RS, SG), Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; Information Technology (DJV), CAP College Foundation, Inc., The Digitalized Distance Education, Makati City, Philippines; and Department of Neurology (TM), Neurosurgery and Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

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Summary

Recent cannabis use, detected by urine drug screen, was not independently associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in a large patient cohort. Further research is needed to clarify any potential links.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Conflicting evidence exists regarding the association between cannabis use and acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
  • Recent cannabis use is often assessed via urine drug screening (UDS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between recent cannabis use, identified by UDS, and AIS incidence.
  • To determine if cannabis use is an independent risk factor for AIS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study utilizing medical records database.
  • Included patients aged 18+ admitted between 2015-2017 with UDS performed on admission.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess independent association.

Main Results:

  • 9,350 patients underwent UDS; 18% tested positive for cannabis.
  • Unadjusted analysis suggested a decreased risk of AIS in cannabis users (RR=0.505).
  • This association disappeared after adjusting for confounding factors (OR=1.038).

Conclusions:

  • This study did not find an independent association between recent cannabis use and AIS incidence.
  • Findings are based on UDS, independent of polysubstance use.
  • Larger studies incorporating cannabis dosage are recommended for future research.