Zero-knowledge identity authentication for internet of vehicles: Improvement and application

Area of Science:

• Cybersecurity
• Automotive Engineering
• Network Security

Background:

• The increasing popularity of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) enhances driving convenience but introduces security vulnerabilities.
• Controller Area Network (CAN) systems within vehicles are susceptible to remote attacks via external network integration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design an efficient and secure identity authentication scheme for in-vehicle CAN systems.
• To address the vulnerability of CAN systems to remote attacks.

Main Methods:

• Developed a novel identity authentication scheme based on the Feige-Fiat-Shamir (FFS) zero-knowledge identification scheme.
• Implemented zero-one reversal and two-to-one verification to enhance resistance against guessing attacks.
• Conducted theoretical security analysis and evaluated the scheme on software and hardware platforms.

Main Results:

• The proposed scheme completes authentication within 6.1ms, significantly reducing interaction rounds and authentication delay.
• All private keys participate in a single authentication round, eliminating the risk of non-participation.
• The scheme demonstrates enhanced security and soundness, effectively resisting guessing attacks provided private keys remain uncompromised.

Conclusions:

• The developed FFS-based identity authentication scheme offers an efficient and secure solution for IoV CAN networks.
• The enhanced protocol improves upon existing methods by reducing authentication time and bolstering resistance to sophisticated cyber threats.