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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing
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Assessment of InSight Landing Site Predictions.

M Golombek1, D Kass1, N Williams1

  • 1Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA.

Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets
|October 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Remote sensing data accurately predicted the InSight lander

Keywords:
InSightMarsgeomorphologylanding sitesremote sensingsurfaces

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Remote Sensing
  • Geology

Background:

  • Selecting a safe and scientifically valuable landing site on Mars is critical for mission success.
  • Previous Mars missions relied on limited data for landing site selection.
  • The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission required precise landing site characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of remote sensing data in predicting the environmental and geological conditions at the InSight Mars landing site.
  • To validate the predictive capabilities of remote sensing techniques for future planetary exploration missions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of comprehensive remote sensing data, including orbital imagery, topographic, radar, and thermal inertia measurements.
  • Comparison of predicted atmospheric conditions (temperature, pressure) with actual data from the InSight mission's entry, descent, and landing (EDL) phase.
  • Assessment of predicted surface characteristics (rock abundance, slopes, regolith properties, dust cover) against in-situ measurements.

Main Results:

  • Remote sensing data accurately predicted the atmospheric temperature and pressure profiles during InSight's EDL.
  • The predicted surface geology, characterized by smooth plains with low rock abundance and slopes, was confirmed.
  • Orbital estimates of thermal inertia, dust cover, and rock abundance closely matched surface measurements.
  • The landing site was confirmed to be load-bearing, as indicated by thermal inertia and radar data.

Conclusions:

  • Remote sensing data is a highly effective tool for selecting and characterizing Mars landing sites.
  • The success of InSight validates the use of these predictive methods for future robotic and human exploration.
  • Accurate landing site selection significantly enhances mission safety and scientific return.