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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

2.4K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
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Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

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Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

2.1K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
2.1K
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.8K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
2.8K
Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction01:22

Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction

2.2K
The radical dimerization of ketones or aldehydes gives vicinal diols through a pinacol coupling reaction. However, the behavior of titanium metals used for the reaction as a source of electrons is unusual. When the reaction is carried out in the presence of titanium, diols can be isolated at low temperatures. Else titanium further reacts with diols, forming alkenes through the McMurry reaction.
2.2K

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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Photochemical methods in metathesis reactions.

Freya M Harvey1, Christian G Bochet1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. christian.bochet@unifr.ch.

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Summary

Photometathesis reactions offer a versatile method for C-C bond formation. Recent advances in visible-light photocatalysis suggest new synthetic applications for these powerful chemical transformations.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photochemistry
  • Synthetic Chemistry

Background:

  • Metathesis reactions are fundamental for carbon-carbon bond formation.
  • Photochemical variants of metathesis are valuable for synthesizing complex molecular architectures.
  • Existing photometathesis often requires harsh UV conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on photometathesis reactions.
  • To provide an in-depth understanding of the field.
  • To inspire further synthetic development and applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of photometathesis reactions.
  • Analysis of various starting materials (alkenes, alkynes, carbonyls, etc.).
  • Focus on visible-light photocatalysis advancements.

Main Results:

  • Photometathesis can utilize diverse substrates.
  • Emerging visible-light techniques offer milder reaction conditions.
  • Significant potential for new discoveries in this area.

Conclusions:

  • Visible-light photometathesis is a rapidly developing field.
  • Further research is expected to yield novel synthetic methodologies.
  • This review consolidates existing knowledge and encourages future exploration.