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LGBTQ + and autism spectrum disorder: Experiences and challenges
Ashleigh Hillier1, Nicholas Gallop1, Eva Mendes2
1Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.
International Journal of Transgender Health
|October 2, 2020
Summary
Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who identify as LGBTQ+ face unique challenges due to their dual identities. This study highlights their experiences with minority stress, isolation, and lack of services, emphasizing the need for better support.
Area of Science:
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Social Sciences
- Gender Studies
Background:
- Limited research exists on gender identity and LGBTQ+ experiences within the autism spectrum.
- Preliminary data suggest autistic individuals may have higher rates of non-heterosexual identification and gender fluidity.
- Intersectionality of disability and gender identity, particularly for those with ASD, is under-explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance understanding of the lived experiences of autistic individuals identifying as LGBTQ+.
- To explore challenges arising from the intersection of autism spectrum disorder and LGBTQ+ identities.
- To provide a voice for this underrepresented population.
Main Methods:
- A qualitative focus group was conducted.
- Four participants with ASD and diverse gender identities (male, transgender, agender/nonbinary, queer) were included.
- Thematic analysis was performed on the focus group transcriptions.
Main Results:
- Key themes identified include the effect of dual identities (autism and LGBTQ+), multiple minority stressors, isolation due to misunderstanding, and inadequate service provision.
- Participants reported significant challenges related to discrimination and lack of understanding.
- A notable theme was the lack of accessible and appropriate services for this population.
Conclusions:
- Findings underscore the critical need for improved support, understanding, and practices concerning sexuality and gender identity for autistic individuals.
- The study emphasizes the importance of addressing the unique needs of LGBTQ+ adults on the autism spectrum.
- Results have broader implications for the disability community, advocating for inclusive support systems.
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