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Related Concept Videos

COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

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Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
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Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

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Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
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Introduction to Membrane Traffic01:44

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

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The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...
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Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

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The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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What are Membranes?01:24

What are Membranes?

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A cell's plasma membrane demarcates the cell's borders and determines the nature of its interaction with the environment. Cells exclude certain substances, take in others, and excrete some others in controlled quantities. The plasma membrane must be flexible to allow certain cells, such as red and white blood cells, to change their shape while passing through narrow capillaries. These are the more obvious plasma membrane functions. In addition, the plasma membrane's surface carries...
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Cellular Affinity of Particle-Stabilized Emulsion to Boost Antigen Internalization
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Cell Membrane Coated Particles.

Järvi M Spanjers1, Brigitte Städler1

  • 1Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.

Advanced Biosystems
|October 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell membrane coatings camouflage nanomaterials for biomedical applications like drug delivery. This review covers recent advances in using various cell types, including hybrid coatings, for enhanced biomaterial design.

Keywords:
cell membranescoatingsparticlesvesicles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanoformulations are crucial in biomedicine for drug delivery, imaging, and detoxification.
  • Cell membrane coatings offer a method to camouflage nanomaterials, leveraging natural cellular interactions.
  • Using intact cell membranes preserves proteins in their native environment, unlike using purified proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent advances (2-3 years) in cell membrane-coated nanomaterials.
  • To discuss the application of various mammalian cell membranes for coating nanoparticles.
  • To explore hybrid cell membrane coatings and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on cell membrane-coated nanomaterials.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells, and cancer cells for membrane coating.
  • Examination of research on hybrid cell membrane coatings derived from multiple cell types.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in utilizing diverse mammalian cell membranes for nanoparticle camouflage.
  • Studies highlight the successful application of anucleated (red blood cells, platelets) and nucleated (white blood cells, cancer cells) membranes.
  • Emerging research explores hybrid coatings combining membranes from different cell types for tailored functionalities.

Conclusions:

  • Cell membrane-coated nanomaterials show great potential for advanced biomedical applications.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and fully realize the potential of these biomaterials.
  • The native environment of cell membranes offers unique advantages for nanomaterial design.