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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Wearable Technology
    • Cardiorespiratory Monitoring

    Background:

    • Current cardiorespiratory monitoring often requires separate devices or invasive methods.
    • Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are used for conditions like sleep apnea.
    • Intraoral monitoring offers a discreet and potentially continuous data acquisition method.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a smart mandibular advancement device (MAD) capable of intraoral cardiorespiratory monitoring.
    • To assess the feasibility of using intraoral photoplethysmography (PPG) for physiological parameter estimation.
    • To compare the accuracy of intraoral PPG-derived parameters against conventional monitoring techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of a flexible hybrid wireless monitoring platform with a MAD.
    • Acquisition of intraoral photoplethysmography (PPG) signals using a double-sided flexible polyimide substrate.
    • Experimental validation comparing intraoral PPG signals with fingertip PPG signals.

    Main Results:

    • Intraoral PPG signals demonstrated high correlation with conventional fingertip PPG signals.
    • Intraoral PPG signals contain sufficient quality and vital information for physiological parameter estimation.
    • Accurate estimation of heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) with >96% accuracy compared to reference methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed smart MAD effectively monitors cardiorespiratory parameters intraorally.
    • Intraoral PPG is a viable method for estimating key physiological metrics like HR, RR, and SpO2.
    • This technology offers a promising, accurate, and integrated approach for continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring.