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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
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Once the aorta traverses the diaphragmatic plane at the aortic hiatus, it is known as the abdominal aorta. This anatomical structure is positioned leftward of the spinal column, encased within a cocoon of adipose tissue behind the peritoneal cavity. It terminates at the L4 vertebra, where it splits into the common iliac arteries. Prior to this bifurcation, the abdominal aorta gives rise to several vital branches.
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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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The thoracic section of the aorta begins at the T5 vertebra and extends to the T12 level at the diaphragm, initially progressing through the mediastinum to the left of the spinal column. Throughout its course in the thoracic segment, the thoracic aorta emits various offshoots known collectively as visceral and parietal branches. The branches that predominantly supply blood to visceral organs are termed visceral branches and include bronchial, pericardial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Procurement and Perfusion-Decellularization of Porcine Vascularized Flaps in a Customized Perfusion Bioreactor
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Propeller Flaps for the Anterior Trunk.

Rei Ogawa1

  • 1Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Seminars in Plastic Surgery
|October 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selecting the right propeller flap for anterior trunk reconstruction is crucial. Computed tomography angiography helps identify reliable perforators for successful outcomes in chest and abdominal defect repair.

Keywords:
abdomenanterior trunkchestdeep inferior epigastric perforatorinternal mammary artery perforatormusculophrenic artery perforatorthorax

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Anterior trunk skin defects, particularly on the chest and abdomen, require specialized reconstructive techniques.
  • Propeller flaps offer versatility in reconstruction, with flap selection dependent on recipient site characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the selection criteria for propeller flaps in anterior trunk reconstruction.
  • To highlight the role of computed tomography angiography in identifying suitable perforators for perforator-pedicled propeller flaps (PPPFs).

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing computed tomography angiography (CTA) for detailed pre-operative imaging of perforator vessels.
  • Identifying key perforator clusters in the thoracic and abdominal regions, including internal mammary artery perforators, musculophrenic artery perforators, and deep inferior epigastric perforators.

Main Results:

  • CTA is a multifaceted imaging technique essential for identifying perforators capable of perfusing PPPFs.
  • Internal mammary artery, musculophrenic artery, and deep inferior epigastric artery perforators are reliable and adequate for creating large propeller flaps.
  • These identified perforators support extensive flaps for defect coverage while enabling primary donor-site closure.

Conclusions:

  • Perforator-pedicled propeller flaps are a viable and effective option for anterior trunk reconstruction.
  • Pre-operative CTA is indispensable for mapping perforators and ensuring successful flap design and perfusion.
  • Specific perforator clusters provide reliable vascular supply for reconstructing significant chest and abdominal defects.