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Arsenic Concentrations in Ground and Surface Waters across Arizona Including Native Lands.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Geospatial Analysis

Background:

  • Arsenic contamination in water resources is a significant public health concern in the Southwestern United States.
  • Exposure to arsenic is linked to severe health issues, including cancer and neurotoxicity.
  • Existing water quality data is fragmented and difficult to access, hindering risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically compile and visualize arsenic concentration data in Arizona's water resources.
  • To identify areas exceeding the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) drinking water limits.
  • To highlight underrepresented sampling areas, particularly in tribal jurisdictions.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled over 33,000 water samples from 1990-2017 from various online databases.
  • Utilized ArcGIS software to create a geospatial map of arsenic concentrations.
  • Overlaid water sample data onto a map of Arizona to visualize contamination levels.

Main Results:

  • Arsenic levels exceeding EPA limits were identified in surface and groundwater across multiple Arizona counties.
  • A significant underrepresentation of water sampling data was observed in several tribal jurisdictions.
  • The compiled data provides a comprehensive overview of arsenic contamination risks.

Conclusions:

  • The study visually confirms widespread arsenic contamination exceeding safe drinking water standards in Arizona.
  • Increased water sampling and targeted public health interventions are crucial, especially in underserved tribal areas.
  • This data empowers water managers and private well owners to make informed decisions about water safety.