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Related Concept Videos

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration01:10

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

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A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...
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Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity01:24

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A stroke engine has a slider-crank mechanism that converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider.
When an external force is exerted, it sets the crank into a rotational movement. This, in turn, instigates the motion of the connecting rod, leading to what is referred to as a general plane motion. This process involves two key points - point A on the connecting rod...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents
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Glide Path with Reciprocating Driven Pathfinding Instrument: Performance and Fracture Rate.

Gustavo De-Deus1, Milla Lessa Cardoso1, Marco Simões-Carvalho1

  • 1Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Journal of Endodontics
|October 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The R-Pilot instrument successfully reached working length in 89.10% of mandibular molar canals. Fracture and deformation rates were low, at 2.56% and 1.92% respectively, indicating its reliability in glide path procedures.

Keywords:
Glide pathR-pilotreciprocationroot canal instrumentation

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Assessing the efficacy of the R-Pilot reciprocating instrument for establishing a glide path in mandibular molars is crucial for endodontic treatment success.
  • Understanding the incidence of instrument fracture and deformation during this procedure is essential for clinical safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the rate at which the R-Pilot instrument reaches working length (WL) in mesial and distal canals of mandibular molars.
  • To determine the fracture and deformation rates of the R-Pilot instrument during the macro glide path procedure.

Main Methods:

  • 156 root canals from 52 mandibular molars were prepared to the apical foramen.
  • The R-Pilot instrument was used with a pecking motion and light apical pressure to establish a glide path to WL.
  • Fracture and deformation were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography; statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's χ² test.

Main Results:

  • The R-Pilot instrument reached WL in 89.10% of the evaluated root canals.
  • Significantly lower than expected frequencies of fractures (2.56%) and deformations (1.92%) were observed.
  • Instrument fractures predominantly occurred in the apical and curved portions of the root canals.

Conclusions:

  • The R-Pilot instrument demonstrates a high success rate (89.10%) in reaching working length in mandibular molars during glide path preparation.
  • The low incidence of instrument fracture (2.56%) and deformation (1.92%) suggests favorable safety and reliability for this endodontic instrument.