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Development of resistance during antibiotic therapy
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|June 1, 1987
Summary
Antibiotic resistance develops frequently, with aminoglycosides showing the highest treatment failure rate (85%) when resistance emerges. Understanding these rates is crucial for effective antibiotic therapy selection.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern.
- Understanding resistance development is key to optimizing antimicrobial therapy.
- Literature review is a standard method for assessing resistance trends.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the frequency of antibiotic resistance development during therapy.
- To compare resistance rates across different antibiotic classes.
- To assess the impact of emerging resistance on therapeutic outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review adhering to predefined criteria.
- Calculation of mean resistance rates for various antibiotic classes.
- Analysis of the association between emergent resistance and therapeutic failure.
Main Results:
- Mean resistance rates varied by antibiotic class: imipenem (4.7%), second/third generation cephalosporins (8.6%), broad-spectrum penicillins (9.2%), latamoxef (10.0%), ciprofloxacin (11.8%), and aminoglycosides (13.4%).
- Emergence of resistance led to therapeutic failure in approximately 50% of cases.
- For aminoglycosides, resistance development resulted in treatment failure in 85% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Resistance development during antibiotic therapy is a significant clinical issue.
- Aminoglycosides demonstrate a particularly high rate of treatment failure when resistance emerges.
- Combination therapy may offer benefits in mitigating resistance development, warranting further investigation.