Quantitative investigation of surface structure and interatomic potential with impact-collision ion scattering...

Helium ion beam interactions with materials have important implications for magnetic confinement fusion, material modification, and helium ion microscopy. These interactions depend on the precise physics of how helium ions channel into the materials, which can vary greatly based on the local crystalline orientation. In this work, we performed a dedicated experiment to investigate helium ion channeling in a well-characterized tungsten single crystal. Time-of-flight impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy was used to obtain multi-angle maps of the backscattering intensity for 3 keV He⁺ → W(111). We found that the backscattering intensity profile arising from helium ion channeling could be well described by a shadow cone analysis. This analysis revealed that subsurface W atoms as deep as the ninth monolayer contributed to the backscattering intensity profile. Binary collision approximation simulations were performed with MARLOWE to model the experimental maps with sufficient accuracy to allow for quantitative comparisons using reliability factors. These quantitative comparisons were applied to investigate how the W lattice structure and He-W interatomic potential affect the multi-angle maps.