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3D Analysis of Multi-cellular Responses to Chemoattractant Gradients
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Triangulation Sensing to Determine the Gradient Source from Diffusing Particles to Small Cell Receptors.

Ulrich Dobramysl1,2, David Holcman3

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|October 16, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cells sense molecular guidance cues by analyzing concentration gradients. A new computational model shows that using multiple receptor windows improves source localization, overcoming limitations of long-distance sensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Cells navigate and respond to their environment using molecular guidance cues.
  • Concentration gradients of signaling molecules are crucial for cellular processes like development and migration.
  • Accurate source localization of these cues is essential for cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computational method for cells to determine the source of molecular guidance cues from concentration gradients.
  • To investigate the limitations of single-receptor sensing for long-distance gradient detection.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing the accuracy of source localization using multiple receptors.

Main Methods:

  • Solving the steady-state diffusion equation using asymptotic analysis.
  • Employing hybrid stochastic-analytical simulations.
  • Modeling absorbed fluxes at narrow receptor windows on the cell surface.

Main Results:

  • Single receptor windows exhibit rapid decay in directional sensitivity, limiting long-distance sensing.
  • Triangulation with multiple receptor windows significantly improves the ability to locate the cue source.
  • The computational approach quantifies sensitivity to perturbations in molecular flux.

Conclusions:

  • Cells can computationally infer the location of molecular signal sources by analyzing flux data from multiple receptors.
  • Multiple receptor windows provide a robust mechanism to overcome the inherent limitations of short-range gradient sensing.
  • This work offers insights into the biophysical principles underlying cellular navigation and gradient sensing.