Candida parapsilosis Infection: A Multilocus Microsatellite Genotyping-Based Survey Demonstrating an Outbreak in...

Microsatellite analysis identifies specific genotypes and the genetic relationship between strains. Our objective was to analyze the genotypes of C. parapsilosis strains isolated on different wards of a Tertiary-Referral University Center. We evaluated 70 C. parapsilosis strains in total, isolated from samples of patients admitted to five different wards over two years (January 2015-December 2016). Eight microsatellite markers were selected, and two multiplex PCR assays were set up for microsatellite analysis. The 70 strains, examined at eight microsatellite loci, showed 46 different multilocus genotypes profiles. A total of 74 alleles were detected, with an average of 9.25 alleles per locus. The most variable loci were CP6 and CP4, with 20 and 15 alleles, respectively. Four clusters were detected in four out of five wards. A significant cluster that involved 16 patients in the General Surgery department was also found in two patients who had been transferred to the General Medicine ward. Two multiplex PCRs allowed us to minimize costs, define genotypes and study the isolates' genetic diversity with extreme accuracy, demonstrating the high discriminative power of the microsatellite markers. Molecular epidemiology constitutes an appropriate tool for evaluating horizontal transmission of C. parapsilosis in different clinical settings. Microsatellite genotyping and the utilization of Bruvo's genetic distance are suitable for detecting and appraising nosocomial fungal infections.