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The impact of COVID-19 on globalization
Nistha Shrestha1, Muhammad Yousaf Shad2, Osman Ulvi3
1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
One Health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|October 19, 2020
Summary
Globalization significantly impacts disease spread, with COVID-19 straining global health and economies. This study quantifies pandemic vulnerability, identifying high-risk countries for better preparedness.
Area of Science:
- Global Health
- Epidemiology
- International Relations
Background:
- Globalization facilitates disease transmission through increased trade, travel, and interconnectedness.
- Urbanization and economic integration amplify the global spread of infectious diseases.
- COVID-19 has highlighted the profound impact of globalization on public health systems worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the multifaceted impact of COVID-19 on globalization and global health.
- To assess the effects on international mobility, trade, travel patterns, and economic stability.
- To identify countries most vulnerable to pandemics based on their healthcare capacity and preparedness.
Main Methods:
- Operationalized globalization's effects through mobility, economic, and healthcare system indicators.
- Assessed individual mobility using airline, seaport trade, and travel data.
- Quantified economic impact via workforce, event cancellations, food security, academia, and supply chains.
- Evaluated healthcare capacity using system indicators and national preparedness levels.
- Developed a Pandemic Vulnerability Index (PVI) using the TOPSIS method for quantitative assessment.
Main Results:
- The pandemic has severely impacted global economy, healthcare systems, and international mobility.
- A Pandemic Vulnerability Index (PVI) revealed significant variations in country-level vulnerability.
- Highly vulnerable countries identified include South Africa, Egypt, Russia, Germany, Italy, India, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Brazil, USA, Chile, Mexico, and Peru.
- The full extent of the impact on mobility, economy, and healthcare systems is still unfolding.
Conclusions:
- Globalization acts as a key mechanism for disease transmission, necessitating global health security strategies.
- The PVI provides a crucial quantitative measure for assessing pandemic preparedness and vulnerability.
- Findings can inform targeted interventions and strategic planning to mitigate future pandemic burdens.
Keywords:
COVID-19Economic impactGDP, Gross Domestic ProductGHI, Global Health IndexGLM, Generalized Linear ModelGlobal HealthGlobalizationIMF, International Monetary FundInfectious diseasesLMIC, Low-and-middle-income countriesPVI, Pandemic Vulnerability IndexPandemicSARS-CoV-2TEU, Twenty-foot Equivalent UnitTOPSISTOPSIS, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal SolutionWHO, World Health Organization
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