Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

8.5K
Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
8.5K
Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

292
In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
292
Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

1.9K
San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55...
1.9K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

4.0K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
4.0K
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

1.7K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
1.7K
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

1.5K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nucleation-to-Propagation Switching Modes in Ferroelectric Hf<sub>0.5</sub>Zr<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Capacitors.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Load-resilient shingled photovoltaic module for field-scale thermoelectric coupling.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

In Vivo Skin 3-D Surface Reconstruction and Wrinkle Depth Estimation Using Handheld High Resolution Tactile Sensing.

Advanced healthcare materials·2025
Same author

Pneumatically-Actuated Liquid Metal-Based Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Sustainable Liquid Metal Composites for Soft Electronics and E-Waste Reduction.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025
Same author

Frequency-selective actuation of liquid crystalline elastomer actuators with radio-frequency.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

11.4K

Variable Rigidity Module with a Flexible Thermoelectric Device for Bidirectional Temperature Control.

Choong Sun Kim1, Ock Kyun Oh2, Hyeongdo Choi1

  • 1School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

Soft Robotics
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a rapidly responsive variable rigidity module using a low melting point material and a flexible thermoelectric device (f-TED). Local cooling with the f-TED reduces phase transition time by 77%, enabling faster stiffness tuning.

Keywords:
active temperature controlphase change materialsthermoelectric coolervariable stiffness

More Related Videos

Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation
09:09

Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation

Published on: February 5, 2020

7.5K
Author Spotlight: Assembly and Operation of a Cooling Stage to Immobilize C. elegans on Their Culture Plates
08:23

Author Spotlight: Assembly and Operation of a Cooling Stage to Immobilize C. elegans on Their Culture Plates

Published on: May 5, 2023

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

11.4K
Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation
09:09

Asymmetric Thermoelectrochemical Cell for Harvesting Low-grade Heat under Isothermal Operation

Published on: February 5, 2020

7.5K
Author Spotlight: Assembly and Operation of a Cooling Stage to Immobilize C. elegans on Their Culture Plates
08:23

Author Spotlight: Assembly and Operation of a Cooling Stage to Immobilize C. elegans on Their Culture Plates

Published on: May 5, 2023

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Dynamic stiffness tuning is crucial for shape reconfigurable systems.
  • Phase change materials offer scalable stiffness tuning but suffer from slow transition times.
  • Existing methods lack rapid response for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapidly responsive variable rigidity module.
  • To overcome the slow phase transition limitation of phase change materials.
  • To enable faster stiffness adaptation in reconfigurable systems.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a low melting point material with a flexible thermoelectric device (f-TED).
  • Utilizing the f-TED for bidirectional temperature control (heating and cooling).
  • Implementing local cooling to accelerate the liquid-to-solid phase transition.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 77% reduction in phase transition time from liquid to solid using local cooling.
  • The module demonstrated 14.7x higher bending stiffness in the rigid state compared to the soft state.
  • The f-TED enabled efficient heating and cooling within a single device.

Conclusions:

  • The developed module significantly accelerates stiffness tuning using phase change materials.
  • This rapid response widens the applicability of phase transition materials in variable rigidity systems.
  • The technology holds potential for advanced reconfigurable systems and robotics.