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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Roniviridae
Peter J Walker1, Jeff A Cowley2, Xuan Dong3
1School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
The Journal of General Virology
|October 27, 2020
Summary
The Roniviridae family comprises three Okavirus species infecting shrimp, with Yellow Head Virus being highly pathogenic. This summary details their genome structure and protein functions.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Invertebrate Pathology
Background:
- The family Roniviridae encompasses three species within the genus Okavirus.
- These viruses possess enveloped, rod-shaped virions and infect shrimp.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on the family Roniviridae.
- To detail the genomic structure and protein functions of Roniviruses.
Main Methods:
- Review and summarization of the ICTV report on Roniviridae.
- Analysis of the monopartite, positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome structure.
- Identification and description of five canonical long open reading frames (ORFs) and their encoded proteins.
Main Results:
- Roniviridae viruses have a 26-27 kb genome encoding proteins including pp1a, pp1ab, nucleoprotein, envelope glycoproteins, and a putative membrane-spanning protein.
- ORF1a encodes pp1a with proteinase domains; ORF1b encodes replication enzymes via ribosomal frameshifting.
- While Roniviruses infect shrimp, only Yellow Head Virus exhibits high pathogenicity.
Conclusions:
- The Roniviridae family, genus Okavirus, presents a distinct genomic organization with specific protein functions.
- Understanding Ronivirus structure and pathogenicity is crucial for managing shrimp diseases.
- This summary provides an accessible overview of the current ICTV classification and characteristics of Roniviridae.
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