[A systematic review and current recommendation for treatment of rhinophyma]

Rhinophyma is a benign disease involving the skin of the nose, which is characterized by skin thickening and hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands and connective tissue. It occurs predominantly by Caucasians in their fifth to seventh life decades and is 12-30 times more likely to affect males. The etiology and pathogenesis of Rhinophyma remains unclear, however it is generally stated to be the final stage of rosacea. A causative relationship between rhinophyma and alcohol consumption has not yet been proven. This review highlights the treatment options of rhinophyma. Surgery is gold standard for management of advanced rhinophyma. Each technique has pros and cons, but using surgical instruments with monopolar energy as loop and ball electrode seem to combine several goals best - first of all simultaneous removal and hemostasis followed by nasal contour refinement. Due to possible coincidence of skin cancer such as a basal- or squamous cell carcinoma, histopathological examination of all removed tissue is recommended.