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Related Concept Videos

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Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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Supramolecular chiroptical switches.

Li Zhang1, Han-Xiao Wang, Shuai Li

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. liumh@iccas.ac.cn.

Chemical Society Reviews
|October 29, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights supramolecular chiroptical switches that reversibly change chiral optical signals. These systems offer advanced applications in sensing, displays, and catalysis by responding to various stimuli.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Chiroptical Materials
  • Stimuli-Responsive Systems

Background:

  • Chiroptical switches utilize reversible changes in chiral optical signals (ORD, CD, CPL).
  • Supramolecular chemistry enables the construction of these switches by integrating chiral and responsive units via non-covalent interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in supramolecular chiroptical switchable systems.
  • To explore their responsiveness to diverse external stimuli.
  • To discuss their applications and future challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of supramolecular systems through non-covalent interactions.
  • Integration of chiral and stimuli-responsive functional components.
  • Analysis of chiroptical signal switching (on/off, amplification, inversion).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated reversible switching of supramolecular chirality in response to light, electricity, magnetic fields, mechanical force, solvents, pH, temperature, and chemical additives.
  • Showcased switching behaviors including on/off states, signal amplification/weakening, and chirality inversion.
  • Highlighted the design of systems for chiral logic gates, data communication, chiral separation, and asymmetric catalysis.

Conclusions:

  • Supramolecular chiroptical switches represent a rapidly developing field with significant potential.
  • Their stimuli-responsive nature and tunable chiral outputs are key for advanced applications.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in developing more sophisticated and robust systems.