Recent Progress of Biomarker Detection Sensors

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Early cancer diagnosis and treatment are critical for human health.
• Biomarker detection offers real-time, accurate biological information for early diagnosis.
• Existing reviews lack a structured approach to optimizing electrochemical biomarker sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and classify electrochemical biomarker sensor optimization strategies.
• To summarize novel biomarker sensors like nanowire and metamaterial-based sensors.
• To provide a comprehensive understanding of past research to overcome current limitations in cancer diagnosis.

Main Methods:

• Review of electrochemical biomarker sensors, categorized by optimization strategies.
• Analysis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensors.
• Investigation of emerging sensors utilizing nanowires, nanostructures, and metamaterials.

Main Results:

• Classification of electrochemistry-based sensors into three optimizing strategies for easier researcher access.
• Summary of nanowire and metamaterial sensors demonstrating ultrahigh resolution and sensitivity.
• Identification of prospects for advanced biomarker sensors in complex detection environments.

Conclusions:

• Understanding past research is key to overcoming bottlenecks in current biomarker sensor technology.
• Novel sensors offer enhanced performance for early cancer detection.
• This review facilitates the development of sensors to meet complex diagnostic needs for human cancer.