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The Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Model of Perinatal Ischemia
08:47

The Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Model of Perinatal Ischemia

Published on: November 19, 2008

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Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Gavin D Roach1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.

Neoreviews
|November 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a significant cause of neonatal neurological issues and cerebral palsy. Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing PAIS and improving long-term outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neurology
  • Pediatric stroke research

Background:

  • Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a frequent cause of neonatal seizures, encephalopathy, and focal neurologic deficits.
  • PAIS is the primary known cause of cerebral palsy, with significant long-term risks.
  • Associated long-term risks include epilepsy, and impairments in cognition, language, and behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the known risk factors for perinatal arterial ischemic stroke.
  • To outline the current evaluation and management strategies for PAIS.
  • To discuss the prognosis and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes following PAIS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke.
  • Synthesis of information on risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnostic approaches.
  • Compilation of current management guidelines and prognostic indicators.

Main Results:

  • Identified common risk factors associated with PAIS.
  • Detailed the typical clinical manifestations and diagnostic workup for neonatal stroke.
  • Summarized treatment modalities and their impact on patient outcomes.
  • Highlighted the importance of long-term neurodevelopmental surveillance.

Conclusions:

  • PAIS presents with diverse neurological symptoms in neonates and is a leading cause of cerebral palsy.
  • Comprehensive evaluation, prompt management, and intensive therapies are essential for reducing PAIS morbidity.
  • Long-term neurodevelopmental surveillance is recommended for affected individuals to monitor and address developmental challenges.

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