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Ultra-sensitive reusable SERS sensor for multiple hazardous materials detection on single platform.

Tania K Naqvi1, Abhilash Bajpai2, Moram Sree Satya Bharati3

  • 1Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, India; Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|November 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

We developed a highly sensitive SERS sensor using laser-textured gold nanostructures for detecting dipicolinic acid (DPA), a bacterial spore biomarker, and hazardous chemicals like DNT and picric acid (PA). This reusable sensor offers significantly improved detection limits.

Keywords:
Au NanostructureBacillus AnthracisFemtosecond laser ablationNitroaromatic explosivesSERS

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biosensing

Background:

  • Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is a biomarker for Bacillus anthracis spores.
  • Nitroaromatic compounds like 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) and picric acid (PA) are hazardous chemicals.
  • Sensitive and selective detection methods are crucial for identifying these substances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an ultra-sensitive, reusable Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrate.
  • To detect DPA, DNT, and PA with high sensitivity and selectivity.
  • To demonstrate the practical application of the SERS substrate for real-world sample analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of gold nanostructures using femtosecond laser ablation with varying scan speeds (0.1 and 1 mm/s) and patterns (linear and crossed).
  • Decoration of nanostructures with hierarchical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of 30-40 nm size.
  • Characterization of nanostructures using morphological studies.
  • SERS measurements for determining the limits of detection (LOD) for DPA, DNT, and PA.

Main Results:

  • Achieved LODs of 0.83 pg/L for DPA, 3.6 pg/L for DNT, and 2.3 pg/L for PA.
  • Demonstrated sensitivity improvement of nearly 2 orders for DPA compared to other techniques and 1 order for SERS.
  • Obtained LODs for DNT and PA that are superior or comparable to recent reports.
  • Successfully tested the SERS substrate on real samples (spiked water) with high sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Femtosecond laser-textured Au nanostructures decorated with hierarchical AuNPs serve as an excellent SERS substrate.
  • The developed sensor offers ultra-high sensitivity and reusability for detecting DPA and hazardous nitroaromatic compounds.
  • This technology holds promise for sensitive and rapid detection in environmental monitoring and security applications.