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Diagnosis and treatment of infantile malignant solid tumors in beijing, China: A multicenter 10-year retrospective
1Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University National Center for Children's Health Beijing China.
Insights
Infant cancer survival rates are promising, with retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and hepatoblastoma being most common. Multidisciplinary care is crucial for treating childhood solid tumors.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Childhood Cancer Epidemiology
- Tumor Registry Analysis
Background:
- Cancer is a leading cause of childhood death, with the highest incidence in infants.
- China lacks a comprehensive childhood tumor registration system.
- Infantile solid tumors require specialized diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize infant cancer diagnosis and treatment in Beijing.
- To analyze standardized diagnosis and management practices.
- To provide evidence for future clinical research in pediatric oncology.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 938 patients with newly diagnosed infantile malignant solid tumors.
- Data collected from six tertiary pediatric centers in Beijing (2010-2019).
- Analysis included epidemiology, clinical features, therapeutic effects, and survival outcomes.
Main Results:
- Retinoblastoma (39.0%), neuroblastoma (28.4%), and hepatoblastoma (14.2%) were the most common tumors.
- The 5-year overall survival rate was 81.3%.
- High survival rates were observed for specific tumors like non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (100%), neuroblastoma (88%), and retinoblastoma (86.9%).
Conclusions:
- Retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and hepatoblastoma are the most frequent infantile malignant solid tumors.
- Effective management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach for pediatric tumors.
- Standardized diagnosis and treatment protocols are essential for improving outcomes in infant cancer.
Importance:
Cancer is the main cause of death by disease in children. Children experience the highest incidence of cancer in the first year of life. However, there is no comprehensive registration system for children with tumors in China.
Objective:
To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of infant cancer and analyze the status of standardized diagnosis and management among several treatment centers in Beijing, China, thereby providing evidence to guide further clinical research.
Methods:
From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019, patients with newly diagnosed infantile malignant solid tumors were admitted to six large tertiary pediatric solid tumor diagnosis and treatment centers in Beijing. The epidemiology, clinical features, and therapeutic effects of tumors in these patients were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were followed up until March 31, 2020.
Results:
In total, 938 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 530 boys (56.5%) and 408 girls (43.5%); the median age was 6.0 months (range, 0-12.0 months). The three most common tumors were retinoblastoma in 366 patients (39.0%), neuroblastoma in 266 patients (28.4%), hepatoblastoma in 133 patients (14.2%), and central nervous system tumors in 52 patients (5.5%). The estimated 5-year overall survival rate was 81.3% ± 1.8%, and the 5-year event-free survival rate was 71.8% ± 2.9%. The 5-year overall survival rates of non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma were 100%, 88% ± 2.2%, and 86.9% ±2.1%, respectively. The 5-year event-free survival rates were 81.1% ± 2.7% for neuroblastoma, 81.6% ± 9.8% for non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma, and 72.7% ± 14.1% for extracranial malignant germ cell tumors.
Interpretation:
The three most common infantile malignant solid tumors were retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and hepatoblastoma. Multidisciplinary combined diagnosis and treatment is needed for infantile tumors.
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