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Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
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Glucose-Lowering Drugs and Fracture Risk-a Systematic Review.

Z Al-Mashhadi1,2, R Viggers3,4, R Fuglsang-Nielsen1,5

  • 1Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Current Osteoporosis Reports
|November 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines glucose-lowering drugs and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes. Most drugs showed no increased risk, but glitazones and certain others may pose a higher risk, especially with hypoglycemia.

Keywords:
AntidiabeticsFractureGlitazonesGlucose-lowering drugsInsulinSystematic reviewType 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Bone Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is linked to elevated fracture risk.
  • Understanding the impact of glucose-lowering medications on bone health is crucial for managing type 2 DM patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of various glucose-lowering drug classes on fracture risk in type 2 diabetes.
  • To identify potential class-specific risks associated with these medications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of sixty studies on glucose-lowering drugs and fracture risk in type 2 DM.
  • Qualitative synthesis of findings due to study heterogeneity, precluding formal meta-analysis.

Main Results:

  • Metformin, DPP-IV inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and SGLT2 inhibitors did not appear to increase fracture risk.
  • Insulin and sulfonylureas showed mixed results, with potential increased risk linked to hypoglycemia and falls.
  • Glitazones were consistently associated with increased fracture risk in women.

Conclusions:

  • Different glucose-lowering drug classes exhibit varying effects on fracture risk in type 2 diabetes.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate class-specific effects and guide therapeutic choices.
  • Prescription patterns are evolving with new drug development, emphasizing the need for ongoing fracture risk assessment.