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Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
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Vaping disrupts ventilation-perfusion matching in asymptomatic users.

Abhilash S Kizhakke Puliyakote1,2, Ann R Elliott1,3, Rui C Sá1,3

  • 1Pulmonary Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, UC San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, California.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|November 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Vaping disrupts lung gas exchange by increasing ventilation-perfusion mismatch in asymptomatic adults. This subclinical lung dysfunction, detected by MRI, is not apparent with standard spirometry tests.

Keywords:
e-cigarettegas exchangeperfusion heterogeneityventilation heterogeneityventilation-perfusion matching

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Cardiorespiratory Imaging
  • Vaping Research

Background:

  • Inhalation of e-cigarette aerosols (vaping) may affect pulmonary gas exchange.
  • Effects of vaping on gas exchange in asymptomatic individuals are largely unknown.
  • Standard spirometry may not detect early lung function changes from vaping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess ventilation-perfusion (V̇A/Q̇) mismatch in asymptomatic e-cigarette users.
  • To investigate if vaping alters ventilation and perfusion distributions.
  • To determine if vaping-induced lung changes are detectable via MRI in healthy adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate V̇A/Q̇ mismatch.
  • Quantified ventilation and perfusion heterogeneity using relative dispersion (SD/means).
  • Assessed V̇A/Q̇ mismatch using the second moments of ventilation and perfusion distributions (LogSDV̇, LogSDQ̇).

Main Results:

  • Vapers exhibited greater baseline V̇A/Q̇ mismatch compared to controls.
  • Vaping acutely increased ventilation heterogeneity in vapers.
  • Vaping led to a decrease in perfusion heterogeneity in vapers, but overall V̇A/Q̇ mismatch worsened.
  • Spirometry results remained normal in both groups throughout the study.

Conclusions:

  • Vaping is associated with increased V̇A/Q̇ mismatch in asymptomatic individuals.
  • A V̇A/Q̇ mismatch worsens acutely after vaping, indicating subclinical lung dysfunction.
  • MRI can detect vaping-induced pulmonary alterations not identified by spirometry, suggesting potential long-term health risks.