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This study quantifies the coherent contribution to work extraction in quantum thermodynamics. Researchers isolated quantum coherence as a resource for extracting work, providing bounds for both coherent and incoherent work yields.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Information

Background:

  • Work extraction is key to understanding thermodynamics in classical and quantum systems.
  • Quantum systems generate coherence during finite-time operations, a potential resource for work extraction.
  • Ergotropy quantifies maximum extractable work from quantum systems via Hamiltonian parameter changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and quantify the contribution of quantum coherence to work extraction.
  • To identify and bound the coherent component of ergotropy.
  • To analyze the interplay between coherent and incoherent work extraction.

Main Methods:

  • Decomposition of optimal quantum transformations into incoherent operations and coherence extraction cycles.
  • Derivation of bounds for both coherent and incoherent work yields.
  • Analysis of work extraction in finite-dimensional systems and bosonic Gaussian states.

Main Results:

  • A distinct coherent contribution to ergotropy was identified.
  • Bounds were established for both coherent and incoherent work extraction.
  • Saturation of these bounds was analyzed for specific quantum systems.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum coherence is a quantifiable resource for work extraction in thermodynamic protocols.
  • The study provides a framework for understanding and optimizing work extraction in quantum systems.
  • Results have implications for the design of quantum heat engines and related experimental platforms.