Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

8.8K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.8K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

7.0K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.0K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

5.5K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
5.5K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

10.1K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
10.1K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

4.9K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.9K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

13.9K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
13.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Protection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Targeting Viral Spike Protein With De Novo Designed ACE2-Derived Undecapeptide.

Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society·2026
Same author

PATTY corrects open-chromatin bias for improved bulk and single-cell CUT&Tag profiling.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Long Noncoding RNA Isoform Specificity and Chemical Modification on tRNA-Derived Fragments Leading to Divergent Functions.

The American journal of pathology·2026
Same author

Biallelic DAW1 variants reveal tissue-specific role in heterotaxy without primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Research square·2026
Same author

Patient-informed CRISPR screen identifies FLNB as a congenital heart disease and ciliopathy gene.

HGG advances·2026
Same author

tRF-3021a, a tRNA-Ala-TGC derived 3' fragment, promotes glioblastoma cell invasion, suppresses apoptosis, and is required for normal levels of protein synthesis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Beyond housekeeping: snRNA diversity, regulation, and human disease.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

Rethinking mitochondrial metabolism: Intraindividual variability meets population constraints.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

A role for epigenetics in rapid adaptation.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

The myth of asexual fungi.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

Rethinking molecular evolution through protein language model embeddings.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

Co-transcriptional splicing: Distinct phases, mutual benefits, and basis for nuclear architecture.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

24.8K

Germline Variants That Affect Tumor Progression.

Ajay Chatrath1, Aakrosh Ratan2, Anindya Dutta1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Trends in Genetics : TIG
|November 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Germline variants impact cancer risk and tumor progression. Understanding these genetic variations can improve personalized cancer medicine and patient outcomes.

Keywords:
cancer therapygermline variantspersonalized medicinetumor progression

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer
06:21

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer

Published on: May 10, 2024

1.0K
Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay
10:57

Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

Published on: August 14, 2018

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

24.8K
Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer
06:21

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer

Published on: May 10, 2024

1.0K
Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay
10:57

Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

Published on: August 14, 2018

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Oncology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Germline variants are traditionally linked to cancer risk.
  • Recent research indicates germline variants also influence tumor progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between germline variants and patient outcomes.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which germline variants affect cancer molecular pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies.
  • Discussion of molecular mechanisms and clinical implications.

Main Results:

  • Germline variants influence molecular pathways via amino acid changes, splicing alterations, gene expression modulation, and mutational enrichment.
  • These alterations can manifest as metastasis, altered immune microenvironments, and varied therapeutic responses.

Conclusions:

  • Germline variants play a significant, previously underestimated role in tumor progression.
  • Germline variation offers potential for advancing personalized medicine and enhancing patient outcomes.