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Adrenergic regulation of immune cell function and inflammation
Drashya Sharma1, J David Farrar2
1Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Seminars in Immunopathology
|November 21, 2020
Summary
The sympathetic nervous system regulates immune functions via neurotransmitters like norepinephrine. Immune cell responses and rhythms are influenced by this system and circadian patterns.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Chronobiology
Background:
- The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) controls autonomic physiological activities across organ systems.
- The immune system is modulated by SNS neurotransmitters, epinephrine and norepinephrine.
- Immune cells express adrenergic receptors, primarily β2-adrenergic receptors, mediating SNS signals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding SNS regulation of immune functions.
- To explore the link between SNS-mediated immune regulation and circadian rhythms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on neuroimmunology and chronobiology.
- Analysis of studies on adrenergic signaling in immune cells.
- Examination of research on diurnal variations in immune function.
Main Results:
- Adrenergic signaling influences diverse immune cell functions, including migration and cytokine secretion.
- Systemic norepinephrine levels exhibit diurnal oscillations, impacting immune functions rhythmically.
- Both innate and adaptive immune responses are subject to SNS regulation.
Conclusions:
- The SNS plays a critical role in integrating and regulating immune system activity.
- Circadian rhythms significantly influence immune system function through SNS pathways.
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