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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Boosting working memory with accelerated clocks.

Sven Thönes1, Stefan Arnau2, Edmund Wascher2

  • 1Experimental Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.

Neuroimage
|November 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Manipulating perceived time can enhance cognitive performance. Altering clock speed influenced attentional resources, improving working memory task accuracy and frontal theta power in participants.

Keywords:
CDAFrontal thetaPosterior alphaSubjective timepassageTask engagementTime perceptionWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Perception of time is subjective and linked to cognitive load.
  • Demanding tasks make time seem faster; boring tasks make it seem slower.
  • The relationship between time perception and cognitive engagement may be bidirectional.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if manipulated time announcements affect attentional resources.
  • To determine if altering perceived time impacts cognitive task performance.
  • To explore the neural correlates of time manipulation effects on working memory.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a whole report working memory paradigm with color stimuli.
  • Measured behavioral performance and electroencephalography (EEG).
  • Participants (N=32) experienced normal, accelerated (120%), or decelerated (80%) clock speeds in blocks.

Main Results:

  • Significantly increased correct color reports in the fast clock condition versus slow and normal.
  • Elevated frontal theta power during storage in the fast clock condition, indicating increased task engagement.
  • Frontal theta power correlated with correct color reports on a single-trial basis.

Conclusions:

  • Covert manipulation of clock speed can improve cognitive performance.
  • Enhanced performance is likely mediated by increased attentional resource allocation.
  • Subjective time adaptation plays a role in modulating cognitive engagement and performance.