Presumptive Lornoxicam Intoxication in Four Dogs

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Toxicology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Lornoxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used in human medicine.
• Its use is not approved in canines, and lornoxicam intoxication is rarely reported in dogs.

Observation:

• Four dogs ingested lornoxicam (0.53–2.7 mg/kg), presenting with melena, anorexia, and depression within 1–4 days.
• Clinical signs included severe anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, panhypoproteinemia, and mucosal pallor.
• Exploratory celiotomy or postmortem examination revealed perforated pyloric and duodenal ulcers in three dogs.

Findings:

• Lornoxicam ingestion in dogs leads to severe gastrointestinal tract injury, bleeding, and anemia.
• Panhypoproteinemia and perforated gastrointestinal ulcers are significant complications.
• Treatment requires prolonged hospitalization, supportive care, and blood transfusions.

Implications:

• Lornoxicam poses a substantial risk of severe gastrointestinal morbidity and mortality in dogs.
• Veterinarians should be aware of lornoxicam's potential toxicity in canine patients.
• Preventing accidental lornoxicam ingestion is crucial for canine health and safety.