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Factors Associated with Changes in Retinal Layers Following Acute Optic Neuritis: A Longitudinal Study Using Optical
Yumi Lee1,2, Kyung-Ah Park1, Sei Yeul Oh1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 2, 2020
Summary
Optic neuritis causes retinal thinning over time, particularly in the nerve fiber layer. Initial visual acuity and NMO-IgG levels significantly impact these microstructural changes in the retina.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition affecting the optic nerve.
- Understanding longitudinal microstructural retinal changes post-ON is crucial for prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze temporal changes in retinal layers after acute ON using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).
- To identify factors influencing these microstructural alterations.
Main Methods:
- Serial OCT and visual function tests were performed on 37 ON patients and 48 controls over 6+ months.
- Automated segmentation analyzed retinal layers: total retinal layer (TRL), nerve fiber layer (NFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), and outer retinal layer (ORL).
Main Results:
- Significant thinning observed in TRL, NFL, GCL, and IPL over 6-15 months (p < 0.001).
- ONL thinned later (p = 0.007); ORL thickened initially and remained so (p = 0.007).
- Poor initial visual acuity and NMO-IgG presence correlated with GCL, IPL, ONL, and NFL thickness changes over time (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Retinal microstructural changes after ON are dynamic and layer-specific.
- Initial visual acuity and NMO-IgG status are key predictors of longitudinal retinal layer thickness changes.
