[Donor search for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation]

Area of Science:

• Immunogenetics
• Transplantation Medicine
• Genomic Medicine

Background:

• Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a vital treatment for various hematologic disorders.
• Donor selection relies on matching human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes between donor and patient.
• International donor registries facilitate unrelated donor searches for patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing in allogeneic HSCT.
• To discuss the impact of next-generation sequencing (NGS) on donor registry typing.
• To highlight the international collaboration in unrelated donor searches.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on HLA typing and HSCT.
• Discussion of next-generation sequencing technologies in immunogenetics.
• Analysis of data from global donor registries.

Main Results:

• Next-generation sequencing provides more precise and detailed HLA typing compared to older methods.
• NGS technologies have reduced the cost of HLA analysis.
• International collaboration and large donor registries are crucial for successful unrelated donor searches.

Conclusions:

• Allogeneic HSCT exemplifies precision medicine through HLA matching.
• NGS has significantly advanced the accuracy and efficiency of HLA typing for donor registries.
• Global cooperation is essential for providing life-saving transplantation options.