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Does Adenotonsillectomy alter Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children?

Reza Fallah, Aliasghar Arabi Mianroodi, Mahin Eslami

    Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    |December 7, 2020
    PubMed

    Insights

    Adenotonsillectomy significantly improved symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. This highlights the importance of screening for adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children with ADHD, particularly those with sleep issues.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Psychiatry
    • Otolaryngology
    • Sleep Medicine

    Background:

    • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent in children.
    • Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) can cause sleep-related respiratory problems.
    • The link between ATH and ADHD symptoms requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of adenotonsillectomy on ADHD symptoms.
    • To assess symptom changes at 2 weeks and 6 months post-surgery.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study of 100 children with ATH.
    • ADHD symptoms assessed using DSM-IV checklist before and after surgery.
    • Data analyzed using paired t-tests and McNemar's test.

    Main Results:

    • ADHD prevalence in the study group was 30%.
    • Significant reduction in ADHD symptom scores at 2 weeks post-surgery (P=0.001).
    • Further significant decrease in ADHD symptoms at 6-month follow-up (P<0.001).

    Conclusions:

    • Adenotonsillectomy effectively improves ADHD symptoms.
    • Screening for ATH is recommended for children with ADHD, especially those with sleep disorders like sleep apnea, snoring, or mouth breathing.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    Adenotonsillar HypertrophyAttention DeficitHyperactivityTonsillectomy

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