Acne keloidalis nuchae and thyroid diseases: a population-based cohort study

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Endocrinology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• The relationship between acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) and thyroid dysfunction remains largely unexplored.
• Investigating this association can provide insights into potential systemic links and comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the risk of developing hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in individuals diagnosed with AKN.
• To identify characteristics of patients who have both AKN and thyroid comorbidities.

Main Methods:

• A population-based cohort study design was employed.
• 2,677 AKN patients were compared with 13,190 matched controls for incident hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
• Cox regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).

Main Results:

• The incidence of hypothyroidism was significantly higher in AKN patients (2.15 cases/1000 person-years) compared to controls (0.82 cases/1000 person-years).
• AKN patients exhibited a 1.72-fold increased risk of hypothyroidism after adjusting for confounders (aHR = 1.72; P = 0.040).
• No significant difference in hyperthyroidism risk was observed between AKN patients and controls.

Conclusions:

• Acne keloidalis nuchae is associated with an elevated risk of hypothyroidism.
• Clinical screening for hypothyroidism should be considered in patients diagnosed with AKN, particularly those with suggestive symptoms.