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Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Certifying Quantum Randomness by Probability Estimation.

Yanbao Zhang1, Emanuel Knill2,3, Peter Bierhorst2,4

  • 1NTT Basic Research Laboratories and NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan.

Physical Review. A
|December 14, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed probability estimation to certify randomness in measurement data without assuming independence. This framework offers optimal rates and efficiency, reducing latency for random bit generation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Information Theory
  • Experimental Physics

Background:

  • Generating certified random numbers is crucial for secure communication and scientific simulations.
  • Existing methods often rely on assumptions of data independence or require strong experimental conditions.
  • Device-independent randomness certification from Bell tests is a key area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a broadly applicable framework for certifying randomness in finite measurement sequences.
  • To develop a method that does not require assuming independent and identically distributed data.
  • To improve the efficiency and reduce latency in generating certified random bits.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a probability estimation framework for randomness certification.
  • Incorporated verifiable physical constraints and certified randomness against classical side information.
  • Applied the framework to scenarios like single-photon measurements and device-independent Bell tests.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the framework's applicability without assuming data independence.
  • Achieved optimal randomness rates and superior finite-data efficiency.
  • Significantly reduced latencies for producing random bits.
  • Showed latency is determined by nonlocality, not Bell violation magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • Probability estimation provides a robust and adaptable method for certifying randomness.
  • The framework offers practical advantages including early stopping and high efficiency.
  • This work advances the generation of secure random numbers from physical processes.