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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
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The molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in a manner similar to the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals. The region of space in which a valence electron in a molecule is likely to be found is called a molecular orbital. Mathematically, the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) generates molecular orbitals. Combinations of in-phase atomic orbital wave functions result in regions with a high probability of electron density, while...
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Crystal Field Theory
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Compared to ionic bonds, which results from the transfer of electrons between metallic and nonmetallic atoms, covalent bonds result from the mutual attraction of atoms for a “shared” pair of electrons.
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Optoelectronic processes in covalent organic frameworks.

Niklas Keller1, Thomas Bein1

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|December 17, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are versatile porous materials. New designs enable advanced optoelectronic applications, from sensors to LEDs, by controlling material properties and stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous materials built from molecular units.
  • Their modularity allows for diverse functionalities and applications by incorporating various molecular building blocks.
  • COFs can integrate light-harvesters, semiconductors, and redox centers for tailored properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the design concepts and synthesis of electro- and photoactive COFs.
  • To highlight advancements in understanding optoelectronic processes within these frameworks.
  • To establish a paradigm for rational design of novel optoelectronic materials and devices.

Main Methods:

  • Reticular chemistry principles for COF construction.
  • Integration of molecular building blocks with specific optoelectronic functions.
  • Investigation of linkage motifs for enhanced stability and tunability.
  • Analysis of molecular stacking for control over optical and electrical properties.

Main Results:

  • Development of highly stable and tunable COFs for demanding applications.
  • Demonstration of COFs as effective semiconducting materials for optoelectronics.
  • Control over optical and electrical characteristics through molecular design and stacking.
  • Successful implementation of COFs in various optoelectronic devices.

Conclusions:

  • COFs offer a powerful platform for designing advanced optoelectronic materials.
  • Understanding molecular interactions within COFs is key to optimizing device performance.
  • This field represents a new paradigm for creating well-defined, high-performance optoelectronic devices.